Contraception

The term contraception encompasses any method or device used to prevent or decrease the chance of becoming pregnant as a result of intercourse. The most common contraception devices include condoms for men, and diaphragms, contraceptive sponges, Depo Provera hormone shots or intrauterine devices for women.

A less common form of women’s birth control is the female condom, which is a polyurethane pouch that is placed in the vagina. Each end features a ring, one of which is closed to prevent ejaculate from entering the vagina – the closed end is inserted into the vagina, while the open end remains outside.

Perhaps the most common form of contraceptive for women is the oral contraceptive pill – more commonly referred to as the birth control pill, or simply “the pill.” Prescribed by a doctor, this medication is taken once daily for 21 days followed by a 7-day rest, and is said to be between 96 and 99 percent effective.

While generally safe, oral contraceptives and hormone shots can have serious side effects. You should consult a doctor immediately if you have any adverse reactions to any contraceptive.

5 Things You Need to Know

  1. While contraception methods will protect against pregnancy, most will not guard against sexually transmitted diseases.
  2. The birth control pill has been known to reduce the severity and duration of women’s cycles, but may also come with negative side effects such as weight gain, mood swings and in rare instances, blood clots.
  3. No form of birth control is 100-percent effective. Doctors often recommend using multiple methods, such as the pill and a condom, to decrease chances of pregnancy and protect against STDs.
  4. The Depo Provera shot is taken every three months, and when used consistently will eliminate monthly cycles.
  5. A new form of birth control pill has recently been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration – this pill is taken continuously, without the week off as with traditional birth control, and it eliminates a woman’s menstrual cycle.

3 Questions You Need to Ask Your Doctor

  1. Which birth control choice is right for me? Discussing contraceptive options with your doctor is the best way to find a method or device that suits your life – you can disclose your personal history, medical history and your reasons for taking birth control to your doctor, and he or she can make recommendations.
  2. What side effects can I expect with certain types of birth control? Your doctor can give you an idea of what reactions you may experience with each type of birth control, particularly if you have a pre-existing medical condition or are taking medications.
  3. Will taking birth control now affect my ability to conceive in the future? This is one of the primary concerns for women who may someday want a family, but are not ready one at the present time. Certain methods may make conceiving more difficult after ceasing, so discuss your options with your doctor.

Also Known As: Birth Control, oral contraceptive pill, "the pill", condoms, diaphragms, contraceptive sponges, intrauterine devices, iud, hormone shots

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