Prostate Exam

Also known as the digital rectal exam (DRE), the prostate exam is a procedure in which the doctor (or a nurse) inserts a gloved, lubricated finger into the anus and moves it in a circular motion in order to assess the size, shape and texture of the prostate. This exam is usually completed as part of a man’s routine physical but may also be performed in relation to some complaint regarding difficult or painful urination, erectile dysfunction or painful ejaculation. The exam takes about five minutes to complete and is uncomfortable, but not painful.

5 Things You Need to Know

  1. As the risk of prostate cancer increases with age, so should the frequency of prostate exams. Throughout a man’s 20s and 30s, exams should be performed every few years. Depending on other risk factors, such as race or family history, exams may become more frequent as early as his 40s. After age 50, a prostate exam should be performed annually or even biannually.
  2. During the exam, the doctor is looking for any lumpy or hard areas in the prostate, as well as assessing whether or not it feels swollen or is painful to the touch. Any of these symptoms may indicate the presence of cancer.
  3. Prostate cancer often does not produce symptoms in the early stages, if ever, so routine exams are the main method of detection. Undetected, prostate cancer can lead to urinary or erection problems and may even spread to other parts of the body, leading to death.
  4. Prostate cancer affects 1 in 6 men in the United States; the prostate is the most common site for cancer in men, not including the lungs.
  5. While the DRE can detect signs of cancer, a biopsy is usually needed to confirm the diagnosis.

3 Questions You Need to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What is my risk of prostate cancer? Age is a major risk factor, but race, diet and family history also play a part. Your doctor can help you assess your particular level of risk.
  2. How often should I get a digital rectal exam? Depending on your age and other risk factors, your doctor may recommend testing anywhere from every few years to twice a year.
  3. (If the exam shows evidence of cancer) What are my next steps? Your doctor will be able to discuss further screening and diagnosis, treatment options and general prognosis.

Also Known As: Rectal exam, digital rectal exam, prostate test, prostate cancer test

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